Estimation of Must Oxidation During Pressing in Champagne

¹ 1nstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Produits de la Vigne, Laboratoire des Polymères et des Techniques Physico-chimiques, 2, Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.

Chardonnay and Pinot noir musts obtained in Champagne wineries using commercial pressing equipment were sampled at regular intervals throughout the pressing cycle. Their phenolic compositions were monitored by HPLC and compared with those of musts prepared from the same grapes and oxidized under controlled conditions. Important oxidation occurred inside the press. At the beginning of pressing, must oxygen consumption was estimated at 300 to 400 µmoles per liter. The musts obtained at the end of pressing contained larger amounts of phenolic compounds but were also highly oxidized. Sulfiting under enological conditions (50 mg/L) reduced the quinones present so that oxidation was partly reversible. The extent of oxidation and extraction depended on the kind of press used but also on pressing management, in particular on the time allowed for pressing.

Key words: Champagne, must, oxidation

Submitted on November 2, 1992