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Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 46:3:319-323 (1995)
Copyright © 1995 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
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Protonmotive Force and ATP Generation During Malolactic Fermentation

Donald J. Cox 1 and Thomas Henick-Kling 1

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456-0462.

Malate catabolism by Lactobacillus plantarum formed a Dgrp at external pH of 3.5 to 6.5. Observed ATP concentrations increased as a result of malate catabolism, but decreased in the presence of the ionophores monensin, nigericin, and tetrachlorosalicylanilide at a concentration of 1 to 2 µM. The DgrpH and ATP concentrations determined during malate catabolism were higher below pH 4.5 than above pH 4.5. Malate catabolism generated a Dgrpsgr at pH 4.5 and above, but not at pH 3.5. It was concluded that the Dgrp formed as a result of malate catabolism was DgrpH dependent for cells growing at pH values below 5.5. Loading cells of L. plantarum with 100 mM D- or L-lactate produced a diffusion generated DgrpH, but no ATP was produced when cells were treated with IAA to inhibit glycolysis. However, ATP was produced in the absence of IAA. Adding lactate into the MES buffer with cells loaded with lactate decreased the amount of ATP produced due to lactic acid diffusion. Based on the available information, we suggest that energy from malolactic fermentation is produced by malate-1 transport and lactic acid diffusion.

Key words: protonmotive force, malolactic fermentation, malic acid transport, lactic acid bacteria, ATP

Submitted on December 6, 1993




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K. Arnink and T. Henick-Kling
Influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oenococcus oeni Strains on Successful Malolactic Conversion in Wine
Am. J. Enol. Vitic., September 1, 2005; 56(3): 228 - 237.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1995 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.