High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Anthocyanins in the Red Seedless Table Grape Reliance

¹ Department of Horticulture, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691.

The anthocyanin profile of Vitis hybrid cv. Reliance, a red seedless table grape, was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), paper chromatography (PC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), and spectral measurements. Purified anthocyanins were obtained from Reliance grapes by descending preparative PC using Whatman 3MM paper. Reliance anthocyanins were identified by: (1) a systematic comparison with authentic anthocyanin and anthocyanidin standards by C₁₈ reverse-phase HPLC; (2) determination of sugar residues using TLC after complete acid hydrolysis; and (3) spectral measurements. The anthocyanin profile of Reliance was shown to have seven anthocyanin peaks on a C₁₈ reverse-phase column. The peaks 2, 3, and 5 were identified as delphinidin-3-glucoside (32%), cyanidin-3-glucoside (56%), and peonidin-3-glucoside. Peaks 1, 4, 6, and 7 were tentatively identified as cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, and an acylated cyanidin derivative, respectively.

Key words: Reliance, red seedless table grape, anthocyanins, identification, HPLC, TLC, and paper chromatography

Submitted on January 3, 1994