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Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 52:4:396-399 (2001)
Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
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Distinguishing Carmenère from Similar Cultivars by DNA Typing

P. Hinrichsen 1, C. Narváez 1, J. E. Bowers 2, J. M. Boursiquot 3, J. Valenzuela 1, C. Muñoz 1, and C. P. Meredith 4

1 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Platina, Casilla 439/3, Santiago, Chile
2 Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California, USAPresent address: Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
3 Unité Mixte de Recherches 1097, Diversité et Génomes des Plantes Cultivées, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
4 Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California, USA

Email: cpmeredith{at}ucdavis.edu

A total of 93 vines from five vineyards in Chile that were originally planted as Merlot, four vines from a cultivar collection in Chile, and two vines in California were analyzed with SSR DNA markers to confirm their identity. DNA profiles were compared to those of previously confirmed reference vines. Vines in the Chilean vineyards matched the DNA profiles of either Merlot or Carmenère, consistent with prior visual identification of these vines. The four vines from the cultivar collection matched Carmenère, although they were originally planted as Merlot. Both California vines were confirmed as Carmenère, although one was originally imported as Cabernet franc. Two markers, VVMD28 and VVMD31, are particularly useful for distinguishing Carmenère from Merlot. VVMD31 will also distinguish Cabernet franc from the other two cultivars, as will VVMD27. Although these three cultivars can be distinguished visually, DNA typing is a valuable adjunct for verifying identity, particularly for vines in nurseries and foundation plantings.

Note:
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the American Vineyard Foundation, California Fruit Tree, Nut Tree, and Grapevine Improvement Advisory Board, Fondo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica de Chile, and Fondo de Desarrollo e Innovación de CORFO, Chile.

Key words: Grape, Vitis, simple-sequence-repeat, SSR, microsatellite, DNA-polymorphism, DNA-typing, cultivar identification, variety identification, Carmenère, Cabernet franc, Merlot, Chile




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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.