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eviæ 1
1 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
2 Department of Viticulture and Enology,
University of California, Davis, California, USA
3 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,
Génétique de la Vigne, Montpellier, France.
Email: cpmeredith{at}ucdavis.edu
Plavac mali and Zinfandel (syn. Primitivo) (Vitis vinifera L.) have previously been shown to be distinct
cultivars but close relatives. They were analyzed, together with 33 cultivars from vineyards in the Croatian region
of Dalmatia, at 16 to 25 microsatellite loci in order to further investigate their relationship to each other. Microsatellite
alleles and subsequent likelihood analysis showed with a very high degree of probability that Plavac mali is the
progeny of Zinfandel and Dobrièiæ. The shoot tips of Plavac mali are similar to those of Zinfandel, while its mature
leaves reflect the influence of both parents. All three have similar berry and cluster morphology. Zinfandel is earlier
than Plavac mali and Dobrièiæ with respect to both budbreak and fruit ripening. Many of the alleles present in
Zinfandel and Dobrièiæ are more common in the Croatian gene pool than in the general population of V. vinifera
cultivars. This observation, together with our finding that four additional Croatian cultivars are closely related to
Zinfandel, leads us to conclude that Zinfandel originated in Croatia. Vines of the cultivars Crljenak katelanski and
Pribidrag, found in two different locations in Dalmatia in 2001 and 2002, respectively, were shown to match the
microsatellite genotype of Zinfandel.
Note:
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Republic of
Croatia (FSSP-ARS), the California Department of Food and Agriculture, and Zinfandel Advocates and
Producers.
The authors thank I. Cariæ, D. Elezoviæ, M. Jelaska, I. Kirid•ija, Z. Plenkoviæ, I. Stanojeviæ, and A. Vuletin
for their help in locating and sampling rare vineyards of native Croatian cultivars. We are grateful to B.H.
Prins of the USDA-ARS Germplasm Repository at the University of California, Davis for the use of the
parentage analysis program.
Key words: grape, Vitis vinifera, microsatellite, parentage, ampelography
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