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Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 60:2:130-137 (2009)
Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
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Vegetative Growth Responses of Pinot gris (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapevines to Infestation by Potato Leafhoppers (Empoasca fabae Harris)

Marcel S. Lenz1,*, Rufus Isaacs2, James A. Flore3 and G. Stanley Howell4

1 Viticulturist, Leelanau Wine Cellars, 7161 N. West Bay Shore Dr., P.O. Box 68, Omena, MI, 49674, 2 Associate professor, Department of Entomology, Center for Integrated Plant Systems, 3 Professor, and 4 Professor emeritus, Department of Horticulture, Plant and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824.

Acknowledgments: This research was supported in part by the Michigan Grape and Wine Industry Council and Michigan State University’s Project GREEEN.

The authors thank Brian Hosmer, Conrad Schutte, Jon Treloar, Jen Dwyer, Jay Briggs, Drew Perry, Kasey Wierzba, and Dan Wampfler with data collection and also thank David Miller and Annemiek Schilder for assistance with experimental design and data analysis.

* Corresponding author (email: lenzmarcels{at}yahoo.com)

The potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris) can be a damaging pest of vineyards throughout eastern North America, causing leaf curling and yellowing in sensitive cultivars. To determine the relationship between infestations by this insect and vine growth and resource allocation, potted and fruitless Pinot gris (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines grafted to rootstock 1103 Paulsen (V. berlandieri Planch. x V. rupestris Scheele) were infested for 7 days with 0.0 to 4.5 potato leafhopper (E. fabae) nymphs per leaf. Shoot growth, leaf growth, and infestation symptoms of the leaves were quantified before and after the infestation period, and biomass of vegetative vine structures was measured at the end of the experiment. Leaf symptoms of cupping and discoloration were positively correlated with infestation severity, while shoot and leaf growth declined with increasing leafhopper density. Root mass at the end of the experiment was lower in vines with higher infestation levels. Analysis of these results enabled damage symptom and leaf growth thresholds to be determined at between 0.5 and 1.0 E. fabae per leaf. However, recovery of vines after infestation was observed in leaf and shoot growth parameters, and vine biomass was reduced only when E. fabae densities exceeded 3.0 nymphs per leaf. This study reveals the negative effect of low densities of E. fabae on a sensitive grape cultivar and suggests that vines can recover from low infestation levels during the postinfestation period.

Key words: grapevine, potato leafhopper, IPM, tolerance, pest management, source:sink relations






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Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.