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Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 60:2:241-245 (2009)
Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
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Research Note

Passive Pathogen Movement via Open Xylem Conduits in Grapevine Graft Unions

Gregory A. Gambetta1, Thomas L. Rost2 and Mark A. Matthews3,*

1 Staff research associate, Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2 Professor, Section of Plant Biology, and 3 Professor, Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.

Acknowledgments: This work was funded by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, agreement no. 01-0712, and USDA-CREES, grant no. 2005-34442-15841.

The authors thank Glenn Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, UC Davis) for facilitating the Xf uptake experiments and Trey Hudgins for his work on this project. All greenhouse-grown grapevines were kindly donated by Cal Western Nurseries, Visalia, CA.

* Corresponding author (email: mamatthews{at}ucdavis.edu)

In grapevines, scion-rootstock grafting is a common practice to impart pathogen resistance and to manipulate aspects of grapevine physiology, including vigor, yield, and fruit composition. Successful grafting requires the integration of the scion and rootstock vascular networks. The nature and extent of this integration was evaluated to determine the impacts of the graft union on the movement of vascular pathogens between scion and rootstock. Using both xylem-mobile dyes and the xylem-limited bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa, we demonstrate that the graft union contains open xylem conduits providing for passive pathogen movement. These open conduits may facilitate bacteria overwintering in below-ground vine tissues of grafted vines and systemic infection in subsequent growing seasons.

Key words: Pierce’s disease, Xylella fastidiosa, vessel length, pathogen movement






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