Abstract
Surveys were conducted in eastern Washington and Idaho to determine the plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wine grape (Vitis vinifera) vineyards. The most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern Washington and Idaho wine grape vineyards were Meloidogyne hapla, Paratylenchus spp., and Xiphinema spp. (detected in > 50% of sampled vineyards), along with Pratylenchusspp., and Helicotylenchus spp. in Idaho. The frequency of occurrence of these plant-parasitic nematodes was consistentlygreater in Idaho compared to eastern Washington, except for M. hapla with a similar frequency of occurrence in both states. The types of ground cover or irrigation method utilized in vineyards and estimates of previous crop yields did not influence nematodes present in soil, but differences in plant-parasitic nematode communities were found among geographical areas (American Viticultural Areas, AVAs). Xiphinema spp. was more commonly associated with vineyards in the Horse Heaven Hills and Snake River Valley AVAs compared to Yakima Valley and Columbia Valley AVAs. Twenty-seven juice grape (Vitis labruscana) vineyards were sampled to enable a comparison of plant-parasitic nematode communities among red and white wine grapes (V. vinifera), and juice grape varieties. Meloidogyne hapla and Xiphinema spp. were more commonly found in red and white wine grape vineyards than juice grape vineyards, while Mesocriconema xenoplax and Paratylenchus spp. were more commonly associated with white wine and juice grape vineyards compared to red wine grape vineyards. While plant-parasitic nematodes were commonly found in eastern Washington and Idaho vineyards, the impact of these plant-parasitic nematodes on wine grape productivityin this region remains to be determined.
- ©2012 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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