Abstract
The seasonal timing of biomass and nutrient distribution among different vine organs was determined over two growing seasons in 4-year-old Pinot noir grapevines grown in field microplots. Vines were fertilized in spring and the biomass and nutrient contents of nine separate vine parts were measured at six phenological stages (budbreak, bloom, véraison, harvest, leaf-fall, and dormancy) each year. The uptake and distribution of four micronutrients (B, Zn, Mn, Cu) was determined for the first time in field grown grapevines. Whole vine N uptake was maximal early in the season with most N uptake occurring before bloom. Uptake of P and S were also early compared to other nutrients with similar quantities of these elements taken up between budbreak and bloom, and between bloom and véraison. All other macronutrients (K, Ca, Mg), and micronutrients (B, Zn, Mn, Cu) had peak uptake between bloom and véraison. Remobilization of nutrients from permanent vine structures helped supply early season canopy needs for N, K, and S. More N was remobilized from reserves and this lasted until véraison, supplying about 35% of the canopy N between budbreak and véraison. Remobilization of K and S occurred only until bloom and contributed about 30% of the canopy increase in these elements up to that time. The small root fraction was the main source of remobilized nutrients for all three of these elements. A net annual gain of nutrients within the permanent vine parts had occurred for P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu. The quantities of each nutrient required by young Pinot noir grapevines carrying a typical crop yield for the region are presented and discussed.
- ©2016 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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