RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Analysis of Rotundone in Japanese Syrah Grapes and Wines Using SBSE with Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional GC/MS
JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
JO Am. J. Enol. Vitic.
FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture
SP ajev.2015.14118
DO 10.5344/ajev.2015.14118
A1 Hideki Takase
A1 Kanako Sasaki
A1 Hideyuki Shinmori
A1 Akira Shinohara
A1 Chihiro Mochizuki
A1 Hironori Kobayashi
A1 Hiroshi Saito
A1 Hironori Matsuo
A1 Shunji Suzuki
A1 Ryoji Takata
YR 2015
UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/early/2015/04/15/ajev.2015.14118.abstract
AB Rotundone, an oxygenated sesquiterpene, is responsible for the peppery aroma in wines. We have developed an effective and simple method to determine trace levels of rotundone in grapes and wines. The method uses stir bar sorptive extraction with heart-cutting two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry but without a pre-extraction process, such as solid-phase extraction. The limits of detection and quantitation for rotundone were 2.1 and 6.5 ng/kg in grape, and 2.4 and 7.2 ng/L in wine. The recoveries of rotundone from Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine were 106% (spiked with 120 ng/kg for grape) and 96% (spiked with 120 ng/L for wine), respectively. We demonstrated that rotundone concentrations in Syrah grapes and wines from Ueda were higher (up to 2342 ng/kg and 232 ng/L, respectively) than the maximal rotundone concentrations in Australian Syrah grapes and wines. Those findings indicate that some environmental factors in Japan may have a positive influence on rotundone accumulation in Syrah grapes, and underscore the importance of studying regional characteristics of and rotundone accumulation in Syrah grapes.