%0 Journal Article %A T. J. Tofflemire %T Survey of Methods of Treating Wine and Grape Wastewater %D 1972 %R 10.5344/ajev.1972.23.4.165 %J American Journal of Enology and Viticulture %P 165-172 %V 23 %N 4 %X The waste characteristics and treatment methods for wine and grape wastewaters are discussed. The wastewater is strong and highly variable, and tends to become odorous upon standing. Stillage represents a more concentrated and acidic waste-water that may require neutralization. The phosphorous and nitrogen content of the wastewater is less than ideal by the 1/30/150 standard. The treatment methods discussed include activated sludge systems, aerated lagoons, trickling filters, rotating biological discs, irrigation systems, anaerobic proccesses, and chemical processes. %U https://www.ajevonline.org/content/ajev/23/4/165.full.pdf