TY - JOUR T1 - Growth, Cold Hardiness, and Carbohydrate Content of Vidal blanc Grapevines Propagated by Hardwood <em>vs.</em> Softwood Cuttings JF - American Journal of Enology and Viticulture JO - Am J Enol Vitic. SP - 215 LP - 219 DO - 10.5344/ajev.1986.37.3.215 VL - 37 IS - 3 AU - M. R. Warmund AU - C. J. Starbuck AU - L. Lockshin Y1 - 1986/01/01 UR - http://www.ajevonline.org/content/37/3/215.abstract N2 - Vidal blanc (Vitis x sp.) hardwood and softwood cuttings propagated in 1983 (H-83 and S-83) and 1984 (H-84 and S-84) were evaluated for root and shoot growth in the nursery, carbohydrate content, cold hardiness, and vine survival and growth after planting in the field. Roots and shoots of H-84 cuttings were significantly larger than those of S-84 cuttings. S-84 cuttings had a greater starch and total carbohydrate content in the roots than any of the other cuttings when dug in October. Roots of S-83 and H-83 cuttings dug in December had similar starch and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels. Shoots of S-83 cuttings had a lower starch content than H-83 cuttings, but WSC content was similar. In freezing tests, S-84 cuttings had less phloem injury at -25°C and greater primary bud hardiness than H-84 cuttings when collected from the nursery in mid-winter. S-83 and H-83 cuttings grew vigorously when planted in the field in the spring and were not significantly different in shoot length at the end of the first growing season. ER -