RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Monitoring Effects of Ethanol Spray on Cabernet franc and Merlot Grapes and Wine Volatiles Using Electronic Nose Systems
JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
JO Am. J. Enol. Vitic.
FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture
SP ajev.2011.11005
DO 10.5344/ajev.2011.11005
A1 Bruce W. Zoecklein
A1 Yamuna S. Devarajan
A1 Kumar Mallikarjunan
A1 Denise M. Gardner
YR 2011
UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/early/2011/05/02/ajev.2011.11005.abstract
AB This study evaluated two electronic nose systems (conducting polymer and surface acoustic wave-based) to differentiate volatiles of grapes and wines treated with an aqueous ethanol spray (5% v/v) at veraison. Ethanol spray induced fruit ethylene production immediately post-treatment, which then declined progressively. Electronic nose evaluations of grape volatiles were compared with Cabernet franc and Merlot physicochemistry, and with wine GC and aroma sensory data. Canonical discriminant and principal component analysis found that both electronic nose systems and the physicochemical measures (Brix, TA, pH, color intensity and hue, total phenols, glycosides, and berry weight) were able to discriminate between ethanol-treated and untreated grapes and wines for both cultivars. Grape physicochemical treatment differences were due mainly to variations in hue, phenolic-free glycosides, and total phenols. Aroma sensory evaluations using a consumer panel differentiated between ethanol treatments and controls for Merlot, but not for Cabernet franc wines.