Table 5

Daily and seasonal changes in water use efficiency (μmol CO2/mmol H2O) on fully external leaves for four training systems.

Time
System08:0012:0016:00
aDifferent lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences between treatments. Different uppercase letters in the same row indicate highly significant differences along the day. Differences between means per Duncan’s test at p = 0.05.
b*, **, and ns indicate significance at p = 0.05, 0.01, and not significant, respectively.
July
    Single curtain1.45 Aa0.81 B b0.47 C
    VSP2.10 A1.21 B a0.54 C
    High bush2.00 A1.06 B a0.68 B
    Short bush1.89 A0.82 B b0.68 B
    Significancebns**ns
August
    Single curtain1.88 A b1.06 B0.83 B b
    VSP3.00 A a1.10 B1.22 B a
    High bush1.85 A b1.16 B0.96 B b
    Short bush2.10 A b0.79 B0.59 B c
    Significance*ns**
September
    Single curtain4.60 A b2.42 B b1.15 B
    VSP6.92 A a3.61 B a1.53 C
    High bush3.51 A bc2.14 B b1.11 C
    Short bush2.76 A c1.57 B c0.85 C
    Significance****ns