Table 1

Effects of temperature treatments at different stages of development on berry skin anthocyanin concentration, berry weight, total soluble solids (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA) after treatment.

TempAnthocyanin concn (mg/g skin fw)Berry wt (g)TSS (Brix)TAa(g/L)
aTartaric acid equivalent.
bValues represent mean ± standard error (n = 3).
c*, **, and ns indicate significance at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01, and not significant, respectively, by F test.
dMeans separated within columns by the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05).
Stage I20°C0.00 ± 0.001b4.0 ± 0.334.8 ± 0.0729.1 ± 3.89
30°C0.01 ± 0.0014.0 ± 0.175.8 ± 0.4032.9 ± 0.05
Control0.01 ± 0.0014.1 ± 0.285.2 ± 0.3229.4 ± 0.69
F testcnsnsnsns
Stage II20°C0.26 ± 0.030ad7.6 ± 0.2613.7 ± 0.3318.4 ± 0.19
30°C0.01 ± 0.004b7.4 ± 0.8613.3 ± 0.5114.2 ± 0.92
Control0.17 ± 0.047a8.0 ± 0.8113.3 ± 0.3313.3 ± 2.32
F test**nsnsns
Stage III20°C1.41 ± 0.309a8.6 ± 0.1517.2 ± 0.1911.1 ± 0.33a
30°C0.23 ± 0.043c8.2 ± 0.4416.9 ± 0.619.0 ± 0.26b
Control0.72 ± 0.077b8.9 ± 0.8517.3 ± 0.128.5 ± 0.23b
F test*nsns**
Stage IV20°C0.90 ± 0.1129.3 ± 0.5519.4 ± 0.075.6 ± 0.23a
30°C0.67 ± 0.0429.6 ± 0.6519.3 ± 0.584.6 ± 0.12b
Control0.76 ± 0.06310.3 ± 0.4719.7 ± 0.264.5 ± 0.14b
F testnsnsns*