PPB paper
Invertase activity, grape berry development and cell compartmentation

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0981-9428(99)80004-7Get rights and content

Abstract

The effect of gibberellic acid on grape (Vitis vinifera L., ev. Sultanina) growth, β-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26) activity and carbohydrate levels was investigated throughout berry development and ripening. Although the fruits responded to hormone application with the expected increase in size, growth was not correlated with enzymic activity and hexose accumulation. This suggests that there is no direct regulatory relationship between invertase and the rate of assimilate import. However, fructose:glucose ratios changed from 0.1 in green berries to 1.0 in mature samples. The latter situation can be reconciled with the 1:1 stoichiometry of sucrolysis by invertase. It is suggested that this is attributable to a spatial separation of substrate and enzyme in green tissue. Compartmentation studies indicate that mesocarp cell integrity gradually deteriorates during ripening, which allows invertase to leak out of the vacuole into the surrounding tissue. In fact, the protein fraction retrieved from a buffered medium after incubation of ripening berry slices contained a soluble invertase of presumably vacuolar origin with an acid pH-activity profile and a pI of about 4.

References (34)

  • N. Findlay et al.

    Solute accumulation by grape pericarp cells

    J. Exp. Bot.

    (1987)
  • J.M. Harris et al.

    Anatomical aspects of grape berry development

    Vitis

    (1968)
  • M. Hasler et al.

    High-yield isolation of grape leaf protoplasts as an instrument in physiological research

    Experientia

    (1982)
  • J.S. Hawker

    Sucrose

  • J. Hawker et al.

    A simple method for demonstrating macroscopically the location of polyphenolic compounds in grape berries

    Vitis

    (1972)
  • Y. Kanayama et al.

    Divergent fruktokinase genes are differentially expressed in tomato

    Plant Physiol.

    (1997)
  • E.M. Klann et al.

    Expression of acid invertase gene control sugar composition in tomato (Lycopersicon) fruit

    Plant Physiol.

    (1993)
  • Cited by (49)

    • Vineyard row orientation and grape ripeness level effects on vegetative and reproductive growth characteristics of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz/101-14 Mgt

      2017, European Journal of Agronomy
      Citation Excerpt :

      It is highly likely that more favourable whole vine water relation status (and relative canopy light microclimate) in the case of EW orientated vines (Hunter et al., 2016) was the primary causal factor in their higher berry volume and mass. Sucrose and water transport to grapes is implicated to be regulated by a combination of environmental and physiological factors, i.e. canopy and berry microclimate, canopy photosynthetic activity, osmotically driven phloem transport, berry evapotranspiration, berry sucrolytic enzyme activity, berry membrane degeneration/permeability and a change in ratio of xylem:phloem import to the berry after véraison (Lang and Düring, 1991; Greenspan et al., 1994; Hunter et al., 1994; Rebucci et al., 1997; Dreier et al., 1998; Dreier et al., 2000; Hunter and Ruffner, 2001; Hunter et al., 2004; Greer and Rogiers, 2009; Hunter et al., 2010; Hunter et al., 2014a, 2014b). Given these factors that may be involved, noticeably higher levels of photosynthetic activity (driven by the N exposed canopy side) and water potential and lower, more uniform light conditions in canopies of EW orientated vines (Hunter et al., 2016) point to the significant role that row orientation may have on berry size.

    • Vineyard row orientation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz/101-14 Mgt: Climatic profiles and vine physiological status

      2016, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
      Citation Excerpt :

      Results showed the necessity of creating a well-accommodated and microclimatic-efficient canopy to maintain capacity to supply primary compounds and hormones to bunches and reserve compartments as well as to protect bunches from extreme environmental/climatic events that may be physically and physiologically detrimental. Sucrose and water transport to grapes seems to be regulated by a combination of environmental and physiological factors, i.e. photosynthetic activity, canopy and berry microclimate, osmotically driven transport, berry evapotranspiration, sucrolytic enzyme activity, membrane degeneration/permeability and a change in ratio of xylem:phloem import after véraison (Lang and Düring, 1991; Greenspan et al., 1994; Hunter et al., 1994; Rebucci et al., 1997; Dreier et al., 1998; Dreier et al., 2000; Hunter and Ruffner, 2001; Hunter et al., 2004a,b; Greer and Rogiers, 2009; Hunter et al., 2010b; Hunter et al., 2014a, 2014b). Clearly, orientation of grapevine rows may have a large impact on the value of each of these factors in seasonal behaviour of vines and eventual effect on grape composition and wine quality/style.

    • One step purification of the grape vacuolar invertase

      2009, Analytica Chimica Acta
      Citation Excerpt :

      This last work underlies the role played by the grape invertase in Champagne wine foaming properties although other related works reported that this protein is not implied in foam stability of Champagne [12]. The grape invertase was previously purified from wine or must obtained from different grape varieties, but, to date, the protein is not entirely characterized [6,8–11,13,14]. The fractionation schemes included numerous steps such as affinity chromatography with Concanavalin A, preparative isoelectric focusing, preparative SDS-PAGE, ion exchange or gel filtration chromatography.

    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text