Oxygen is an essential regulator of cellular metabolism, survival, and proliferation. Cellular
responses to oxygen levels are monitored, in part, by the transcriptional activity of the hypoxia …

Tumor microenvironments are the result of cellular alterations in cancer that support unrestricted
growth and proliferation and result in further modifications in cell behavior, which are …

Ionizing radiation represents the most effective therapy for glioblastoma (World Health
Organization grade IV glioma), one of the most lethal human malignancies 1 , but radiotherapy …

Malignant gliomas are highly lethal cancers dependent on angiogenesis. Critical tumor
subpopulations within gliomas share characteristics with neural stem cells. We examined the …

Glioblastomas are lethal cancers characterized by florid angiogenesis promoted in part by
glioma stem cells (GSCs). Because hypoxia regulates angiogenesis, we examined hypoxic …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells suggested to be critical for
tumor maintenance, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Prospective identification and …

Tumors are complex collections of heterogeneous cells with recruited vasculature,
inflammatory cells, and stromal elements. Neoplastic cells frequently display a hierarchy in …

Radiotherapy represents the most effective nonsurgical treatments for gliomas. However,
gliomas are highly radioresistant and recurrence is nearly universal. Results from our …

Like all cancers, brain tumors require a continuous source of energy and molecular resources
for new cell production. In normal brain, glucose is an essential neuronal fuel, but the …

Malignant gliomas are lethal cancers that display striking cellular heterogeneity. A highly
tumorigenic glioma tumor subpopulation, termed cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells, …