TGF-β signals from the membrane to the nucleus through serine/threonine kinase receptors
and their downstream effectors, termed SMAD proteins 1 . The activated TGF-β receptor …

Novel coronavirus (SARS-Coronavirus-2:SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in Wuhan, China,
has spread to multiple countries rapidly. We report the first case of meningitis associated with …

Smad family members are newly identified essential intracellular signalling components of
the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) superfamily. Smad2 and Smad3 are structurally …

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 play important roles in the early innate immune response
to microbial challenge. To clarify the functional roles of TLRs 2 and 4 in mast cells, we …

TGF-β plays an important role in lung fibrosis, which is a major cause of suffering and death
seen in pulmonary disease. Smad7 has been recently identified as an antagonist of TGF-β …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are mammalian homologues of the Drosophila Toll receptors and
are thought to have roles in innate recognition of bacteria. We demonstrated that TLR 2, 4, 6, …

Various features, components, and functions of the immune system present daily variations.
Immunocompetent cell counts and cytokine levels present variations according to the time of …

… links open overlay panel Kumi Inazaki , Yutaka Kanamaru , Yuko Kojima , Noriyoshi Sueyoshi
, Ko Okumura , Kazunari Kaneko , Yuichiro Yamashiro , Hideoki Ogawa , Atsuhito Nakao …

Smad6 and Smad7 prevent ligand-induced activation of signal-transducing Smad proteins in
the transforming growth factor-β family. Here we demonstrate that both Smad6 and Smad7 …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) exert antagonistic effects on
collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts. We have recently shown that Y box-binding …