Ethyl carbamate (EC) commonly found in fermented beverages has been verified to be a
multisite carcinogen in experimental animals. EC was upgraded to Group 2A by the Intl …

Enzymes are highly effective biocatalysts used in various industrial processes, playing a key
role in winemaking and in other fermented beverages. Many of the enzymes used in …

Urease was purified (4126-fold) from Aspergillus niger (NRRL 003) to a homologous
enzyme preparation with a specific activity of 1341 μmol min− 1 (mg protein)− 1. One …

This study evaluated the biological importance of immobilized urease enzyme over the free
urease. The support material used for urease immobilization was alginate. Generally, the …

The specific activity (πA) of a whole cell acid urease preparation was assessed in model
wine solutions at different levels of malic (M) and lactic acids, metabisulfite, ethanol, and pH …

A two-year storage test using commercial wines confirmed that ethyl carbamate formation is
closely related to the urea content. The ethyl carbamate formation rates at 10° C to 40° C …

Whey protein isolate was denatured at 85° C, pH 4.6 for 30 min to produce heat denatured
whey protein isolate (HDWPI) which was hydrolyzed with trypsin, chymotrypsin, Alcalase or …

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of urease on the formation of ethyl
carbamate (EC) in the presence of previously known precursors of EC (citrulline, urea, and …

Bifunctional acid urease can not only remove urea from rice wine, but also effectively
remove ethyl carbamate (EC), thereby reducing harmful substances in rice wine. Acid …

An improved extraction method for ethyl carbamate, a genotoxic and carcinogenic
compound found in various fermented foods and beverages, was investigated for its …