Abstract
Glasshouse grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet Sauvignon) were supplied with either nutrient solution alone or nutrient solution containing 10 mg/L boron or 50 mM chloride or boron and chloride together. The concentrations selected were those expected to develop in the rootzone of vineyards where wastewater from sources such as agricultural drainage and sewage treatment works is used as irrigation water. Treatment effects on growth were not additive and the combination of boron and chloride was generally no more deleterious to growth than either of the individual treatments. In fact, vines receiving the combined treatments failed to develop the symptoms of boron excess evident on laminae of vines receiving boron treatment alone. Despite this difference, laminae from both sets of vines contained virtually identical boron concentrations.
Some treatments altered the water content of tissues and all compositional data (total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl and B for roots, stems, and laminae) are also presented on a tissue water basis to account for changes in mineral concentration resulting from this effect. Plants treated with 50 mM chloride attained similar chloride concentrations in all plant parts. These plants also received 30 mM sodium as an accompanying cation and although roots accumulated close to 30 mM sodium this ion was virtually excluded from the laminae. Roots and stems of the boron treated plants contained close to 10 mg/L boron (∼1 mM) whereas the laminae were sites of accumulation and reached 15.5 mM boron. The numerous treatment interactions detected in this study caution against generalizing from individual effects of chloride and boron on vines to predict responses where the two substances are in combination as may occur in wastewater contemplated for vineyard use.
- Received April 1980.
- Revision received May 1980.
- Accepted May 1980.
- Published online January 1980
- Copyright 1980 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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