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ArticleArticleArticles

Impact of Yeast Strain on the Production of Acetic Acid, Glycerol, and the Sensory Attributes of Icewine

Daniel J. Erasmus, Margaret Cliff, Hennie J.J. van Vuuren
Am J Enol Vitic. January 2004 55: 371-378; published ahead of print January 01, 2004
Daniel J. Erasmus
Wine Research Center, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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Margaret Cliff
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Hennie J.J. van Vuuren
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Abstract

High concentrations of volatile acids, consisting mainly of acetic acid, are often found in icewine. Wine yeasts produce acetic acid as a by-product of the hyperosmotic stress response caused by high sugar concentrations (>35 Brix) in grape must. Volatile acid levels in icewine often exceed legal limits. We compared seven commercially available wine yeast strains (ST, N96, Vin13, Vin7, EC1118, 71B, V1116) for icewine production. Yeast strains were evaluated for acetic acid and glycerol formation, fermentation rates, and sensory characteristics. Fermentations were conducted using both synthetic grape must and Riesling icewine grape must obtained from a commercial winery. Fermentations were conducted until approximately 11% (v/v) ethanol was produced. The yeast strains fermented Riesling icewine must at different rates and fermentations were completed in 17 to 49 days. Acetic acid and glycerol formation were significantly different (p < 0.05) and linked to the yeast strain. Sensory analysis of the icewines produced with the different yeast strains showed significant differences for overall quality, perceived sulfur-like aroma, and color (p < 0.05). ST, N96, and EC1118 were identified as the most suitable yeast strains for the production of icewine.

  • icewine
  • volatile acidity
  • wine yeast
  • osmotic stress

Acknowledgments: We thank the scientists from PARC who acted as tasters and for use of their sensory analysis facilities and the Wine Research group for a critical discussion of the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant to HJJVV from the BC Wine Institute, AAFC, and NSERC (AAFPJ 240132-00).

  • Copyright 2004 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture

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Vol 55 Issue 4

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Impact of Yeast Strain on the Production of Acetic Acid, Glycerol, and the Sensory Attributes of Icewine
Daniel J. Erasmus, Margaret Cliff, Hennie J.J. van Vuuren
Am J Enol Vitic.  January 2004  55: 371-378;  published ahead of print January 01, 2004

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Impact of Yeast Strain on the Production of Acetic Acid, Glycerol, and the Sensory Attributes of Icewine
Daniel J. Erasmus, Margaret Cliff, Hennie J.J. van Vuuren
Am J Enol Vitic.  January 2004  55: 371-378;  published ahead of print January 01, 2004
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