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Article

Leaf Area/Crop Weight Ratios of Grapevines: Influence on Fruit Composition and Wine Quality

W. Mark Kliewer, Nick K. Dokoozlian
Am J Enol Vitic. June 2005 56: 170-181; published ahead of print June 01, 2005 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2005.56.2.170
W. Mark Kliewer
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; 2[formerly with] Kearney Agricultural Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648.
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Nick K. Dokoozlian
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; 2[formerly with] Kearney Agricultural Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648.
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  • For correspondence: nick.dokoozlian@ejgallo.com
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Abstract

The fruiting capacity of grapevines in a given climatic region is largely determined by their total leaf area and by the percentage of the total leaf surface area that is exposed to full sunlight, provided other factors are not limiting growth and the initiation of fruit primordia. A wide range of leaf area/crop weight ratios were investigated by pruning to different levels of buds per vine, by different degrees of defoliation, and/or by cluster thinning of grape cultivars Thompson Seedless, Tokay, Chenin blanc, and Cabernet Sauvignon located at Davis or Oakville, California. For single-canopy (SC) type trellis-training systems, the leaf area/crop weight ratio required for maximum level of total soluble solids, berry weight, and berry coloration at harvest ranged from 0.8 to 1.2 m2/kg, whereas for horizontally divided-canopy (DC) type trellis-training systems (GDC, lyre, wye), this ratio was reduced to 0.5 to 0.8 m2 leaf area per kg fruit. Optimal crop yield/pruning weight, pruning weight (kg) per m canopy length, leaf area (m2) per m canopy length, and leaf area density (m2/m3) for SC systems ranged from 4.0 to 10, 0.5 to 1.0 kg/m, 2 to 5 m2/m, and 3 to 7 m2m−3, respectively. Similarly, for DC systems these ratios ranged from 5.0 to 10, 0.4 to 0.8 kg/m, 2 to 4 m2/m, and 3 to 6 m2m−3, respectively. Grapevines with ratios that fell within the ranges given above for each of these five parameters were considered well balanced and capable of producing high-quality fruit and wines.

  • canopy management
  • trellising
  • fruiting capacity
  • yield

Footnotes

  • This article was first presented at the ASEV Annual Meeting, 19–23 June 2000, Seattle, Washington and published in the Proceedings of the ASEV 50th Anniversary Annual Meeting. J.M. Rantz (Ed.), pp. 285–289 (2001).

  • From Proceedings of the ASEV 50th Anniversary Annual Meeting

  • Copyright © 2005 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Leaf Area/Crop Weight Ratios of Grapevines: Influence on Fruit Composition and Wine Quality
W. Mark Kliewer, Nick K. Dokoozlian
Am J Enol Vitic.  June 2005  56: 170-181;  published ahead of print June 01, 2005 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2005.56.2.170

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Leaf Area/Crop Weight Ratios of Grapevines: Influence on Fruit Composition and Wine Quality
W. Mark Kliewer, Nick K. Dokoozlian
Am J Enol Vitic.  June 2005  56: 170-181;  published ahead of print June 01, 2005 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2005.56.2.170
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