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Article

Pierce’s Disease Symptoms: Comparison with Symptoms of Water Deficit and the Impact of Water Deficits

Eleanor T. Thorne, Joshua F. Stevenson, Thomas L. Rost, John M. Labavitch, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic.  2006  57: 1-11  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2006.57.1.1
Eleanor T. Thorne
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Joshua F. Stevenson
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Thomas L. Rost
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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John M. Labavitch
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Mark A. Matthews
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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  • For correspondence: mamatthews@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

The pathology of diseases such as Pierce’s disease (PD) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) that are caused by the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is widely attributed to vessel occlusion and subsequent water deficits. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay) were exposed to water deficits, stem inoculation with Xf, and combinations of both to evaluate whether symptoms of PD were a consequence of water deficits. When vines were inoculated with Xf and exposed to water deficits, more extensive PD symptoms developed throughout the plant than when infected vines were well watered. However, vines infected with Xf exhibited symptoms unique to PD that included inhibited periderm development in stems (green islands), leaf blade separation from the petiole (matchsticks), and irregular leaf scorch. Vines exposed to water deficits and not Xf displayed accelerated periderm development, basal leaf abscission at the stem/petiole junction, and uniform leaf chlorosis. Water deficits induced the development of an abscission zone at the stem/petiole junction, but PD did not. Pierce’s disease symptoms could not be produced with any of several water-deficit treatments, including severing all but one secondary vein near the leaf tip. Results indicate that factors other than water deficits are involved in producing the symptoms of PD. The widely accepted hypothesis that PD-infected plants develop water deficits that cause green islands, matchsticks, localized leaf scorch, and eventual death of vines should be reevaluated.

  • plant-pathogen interactions
  • leaf scorch
  • leaf abscission
  • xylem
  • Received April 2005.
  • Revision received August 2005.
  • Copyright © 2006 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Pierce’s Disease Symptoms: Comparison with Symptoms of Water Deficit and the Impact of Water Deficits
Eleanor T. Thorne, Joshua F. Stevenson, Thomas L. Rost, John M. Labavitch, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic.  2006  57: 1-11  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2006.57.1.1
Eleanor T. Thorne
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Joshua F. Stevenson
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Thomas L. Rost
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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John M. Labavitch
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Mark A. Matthews
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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  • For correspondence: mamatthews@ucdavis.edu

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You have accessRestricted access
Pierce’s Disease Symptoms: Comparison with Symptoms of Water Deficit and the Impact of Water Deficits
Eleanor T. Thorne, Joshua F. Stevenson, Thomas L. Rost, John M. Labavitch, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic.  2006  57: 1-11  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2006.57.1.1
Eleanor T. Thorne
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Joshua F. Stevenson
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Thomas L. Rost
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
John M. Labavitch
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mark A. Matthews
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, 2Section of Plant Biology, and 3Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: mamatthews@ucdavis.edu
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