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Article

Long-term Additions of Organic Amendments in a Loire Valley Vineyard. I. Effects on Properties of a Calcareous Sandy Soil

René Morlat, Rémi Chaussod
Am J Enol Vitic. December 2008 59: 353-363; published ahead of print December 01, 2008 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2008.59.4.353
René Morlat
1INRA, UE N° 1117, Unité Expérimentale Vigne et Vin, UMT VINITERA, 42 rue G. Morel, BP 60057, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France, and 2INRA, UMR N° 1229, Unité Microbiologie du Sol et de l’Environnement, 17 rue Sully, BV 1540, 21034 Dijon cedex, France.
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  • For correspondence: rene.morlat@angers.inra.fr
Rémi Chaussod
1INRA, UE N° 1117, Unité Expérimentale Vigne et Vin, UMT VINITERA, 42 rue G. Morel, BP 60057, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France, and 2INRA, UMR N° 1229, Unité Microbiologie du Sol et de l’Environnement, 17 rue Sully, BV 1540, 21034 Dijon cedex, France.
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Abstract

A long-term experiment (28 years) was conducted to study the effects of various organic amendments on physical, chemical, and biological properties of a sandy vineyard soil. Annual applications of either crushed pruned vine-wood (2 t/ha fresh wt), cattle manure (10 and 20 t/ha fresh wt), or spent mushroom compost (8 and 16 t/ha fresh wt) were compared to an unamended treatment. In plots unamended for 28 years, total organic C (TOC) showed a slow and limited decrease (19%). For the highest rates of exogenous organic amendments, the increase in TOC reached a saturation value after 20 years and carbon (C) sequestered after 28 years reached 30 Mg/ha. Final predicted TOC obtained by simulation with the AMG model was lower than measured TOC for all treatments. Soil microbial biomass C was very low in unamended plots 24 years after the beginning of the experiment. Fair (and comparable) levels of microbial biomass were observed for moderate amounts (2 t/ ha/yr) of crushed pruned vine-wood and for single rates of cattle manure and spent mushroom compost, while these levels were high for double doses of organic amendments. As a consequence of TOC increase in topsoil, soil water-holding capacity was improved and bulk density was reduced. Soil P and K concentrations were also increased by exogenous organic amendments. For high rates of organic inputs, mineralized N largely exceeded the vine requirements, with an important risk of N leaching. Preservation or improvement of soil organic matter content and soil properties is possible without harmful side effects through the use of an organic material low in nutrients such as crushed pruned vine-wood.

  • organic amendments
  • viticultural soil properties
  • carbon sequestration
  • microbial biomass
  • nitrogen mineralization
  • Received January 2008.
  • Revision received July 2008.
  • Copyright © 2008 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Vol 59 Issue 4

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Long-term Additions of Organic Amendments in a Loire Valley Vineyard. I. Effects on Properties of a Calcareous Sandy Soil
René Morlat, Rémi Chaussod
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2008  59: 353-363;  published ahead of print December 01, 2008 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2008.59.4.353

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Long-term Additions of Organic Amendments in a Loire Valley Vineyard. I. Effects on Properties of a Calcareous Sandy Soil
René Morlat, Rémi Chaussod
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2008  59: 353-363;  published ahead of print December 01, 2008 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2008.59.4.353
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