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Article

Ecophysiological, Genetic, and Molecular Causes of Variation in Grape Berry Weight and Composition: A Review

Zhan Wu Dai, Nathalie Ollat, Eric Gomès, Stéphane Decroocq, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet, Louis Bordenave, Philippe Pieri, Ghislaine Hilbert, Christian Kappel, Cornelius van Leeuwen, Philippe Vivin, Serge Delrot
Am J Enol Vitic. December 2011 62: 413-425; published ahead of print July 26, 2011 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.10116
Zhan Wu Dai
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Nathalie Ollat
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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  • For correspondence: ollat@bordeaux.inra.fr
Eric Gomès
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Stéphane Decroocq
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Jean-Pascal Tandonnet
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Louis Bordenave
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Philippe Pieri
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Ghislaine Hilbert
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Christian Kappel
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Cornelius van Leeuwen
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Philippe Vivin
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Serge Delrot
1INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ENITAB, ISVV, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Abstract

Berry fresh weight and composition are under the control of complex interactions among genotype, environmental factors, and viticulture practice, which all affect not only the mean value but also the ranges of variation in berry traits. Both mean values and variation range in berry composition play a role in berry quality and, subsequently, wine typicity. This review examines recent ecophysiological, genetic, and molecular knowledge to provide better understanding of the mechanisms that influence variability in berry weight and composition. We specifically reviewed the variation range in berry weight and composition (including sugars, organic acids, and anthocyanins) among Vitis genotypes, the environmental and viticulture practices that cause variability for a given cultivar, the genetic clues underlying the genotypic variation, and the putative genes controlling berry weight and composition. Despite numerous studies comparing differences in the mean value of a berry trait among different environment conditions and viticulture practices, very few studies have explored the level of variation in response to those factors. Present genetic and molecular studies are mainly focused on identifying genes involved in the control of berry weight and composition, with few considerations of environmental factors that affect their expression. In the future, more effort should be directed toward integration of genetic and molecular work with ecophysiological approaches in an effort to gain novel insights into the cause of variability in grape fresh weight and composition.

  • Vitis
  • genetic diversity
  • phenotypic plasticity
  • berry composition
  • fruit quality
  • © 2011 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Ecophysiological, Genetic, and Molecular Causes of Variation in Grape Berry Weight and Composition: A Review
Zhan Wu Dai, Nathalie Ollat, Eric Gomès, Stéphane Decroocq, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet, Louis Bordenave, Philippe Pieri, Ghislaine Hilbert, Christian Kappel, Cornelius van Leeuwen, Philippe Vivin, Serge Delrot
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2011  62: 413-425;  published ahead of print July 26, 2011 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.10116

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Ecophysiological, Genetic, and Molecular Causes of Variation in Grape Berry Weight and Composition: A Review
Zhan Wu Dai, Nathalie Ollat, Eric Gomès, Stéphane Decroocq, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet, Louis Bordenave, Philippe Pieri, Ghislaine Hilbert, Christian Kappel, Cornelius van Leeuwen, Philippe Vivin, Serge Delrot
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2011  62: 413-425;  published ahead of print July 26, 2011 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.10116
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