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Article

Wine and Health: A Review

Jacquelyn M. Guilford, John M. Pezzuto
Am J Enol Vitic.  2011  62: 471-486  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.11013
Jacquelyn M. Guilford
1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
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John M. Pezzuto
1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
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  • For correspondence: pezzuto@hawaii.edu
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Abstract

As indicated by epidemiological studies, regular and moderate wine consumption, particularly red wine, has been associated with health benefits. Clinical studies and work performed with animal models indicate that wine may protect against cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, certain types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, neurological disorders, and metabolic syndrome. The mechanism of action has been attributed to antioxidant, lipid regulating, and anti-inflammatory effects. A variety of wine constituents have been studied in various disease models. Both the alcoholic and polyphenolic components of wine are believed to contribute to these beneficial effects. As wine is a complex mixture, it is likely that a multitude of chemical constituents, as well as their metabolites, work synergistically to impact human health. In sum, although wine drinking may be contraindicated in certain individuals, in healthy people, regular consumption of moderate amounts of wine may protect against certain chronic health conditions.

  • antioxidant
  • cancer
  • cardiovascular disease
  • diabetes
  • polyphenols
  • resveratrol
  • wine
  • Abbreviations

    CRP
    C-reactive protein
    eNOS
    endothelial NO synthase
    GER
    gastroesophageal reflux
    GSE
    grape seed extract
    GSPE
    grape seed proanthocyanidin extract
    HDL
    high-density lipoprotein
    LDL
    low-density lipoprotein
    NO
    nitric oxide
    PAI-1
    plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
    t-PA
    tissue plasminogen activator
    u-PA
    urokinase plasminogen activator
    VEGF
    vascular endothelial growth factor
    VLDL
    very low-density lipoprotein
    • © 2011 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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    Wine and Health: A Review
    Jacquelyn M. Guilford, John M. Pezzuto
    Am J Enol Vitic.  2011  62: 471-486  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.11013
    Jacquelyn M. Guilford
    1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
    • Find this author on Google Scholar
    • Find this author on PubMed
    • Search for this author on this site
    John M. Pezzuto
    1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
    • Find this author on Google Scholar
    • Find this author on PubMed
    • Search for this author on this site
    • For correspondence: pezzuto@hawaii.edu

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    Wine and Health: A Review
    Jacquelyn M. Guilford, John M. Pezzuto
    Am J Enol Vitic.  2011  62: 471-486  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2011.11013
    Jacquelyn M. Guilford
    1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
    • Find this author on Google Scholar
    • Find this author on PubMed
    • Search for this author on this site
    John M. Pezzuto
    1University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720
    • Find this author on Google Scholar
    • Find this author on PubMed
    • Search for this author on this site
    • For correspondence: pezzuto@hawaii.edu
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