Anthocyanin Accumulation in Various Organs of a Teinturier Cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) during the Growing Season

Abstract

The anthocyanin composition and concentration of various organs of teinturier grape Yan-73 were studied throughout the growing season. Nineteen anthocyanins were identified by HPLC-MS as monoglucosides and their derivatives. Anthocyanin composition and concentration varied among grape organs and by developmental stage. Skin anthocyanins were mainly composed of malvidin derivatives, while peonidin derivatives were the most dominant anthocyanins in the pulp. Both malvidin and peonidin derivatives were predominant components in carpopodia (swollen pedicel at point of berry attachment), berry pedicels, leaf lamina, vein and petioles, and living bark at the base of the shoot. Anthocyanins were very low before veraison, and then increased sharply at veraison in berry skin and pulp. Anthocyanins in carpopodia and berry pedicels also increased sharply, although occurring later than in berry skin and pulp. Anthocyanins were high in young and senescing leaf lamina and low in expanding and mature lamina. Anthocyanins did not vary much in leaf vein and petiole tissue, or in bark, throughout the growing season.