Profiling the Yeast Communities of Wine Fermentations Using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Electropherograms of decreasing cell concentrations of P. membranifaciens titrated against a known concentration of S. cerevisiae: (A) 10⁷ : 10⁶ cells/mL (S. cerevisiae : P. membranifaciens); (B) 10⁷ : 10⁴ cells/mL; (C) 10⁷ : 10² cells/mL. Electropherograms of decreasing cell concentrations of a 1:1 mixture of S. cerevisiae : P. membranifaciens, demonstrating TRFLP detection limit: (D) 1 × 10⁴ cells/mL; (E) 1 × 10³ cells/mL; (F) 1 × 10² cells/mL (S.c.: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; P.m.: Pichia membranifaciens).

Relative populations of yeasts identified in the Dolce fermentation over time determined by TRFLP. Relative populations are determined as ratios of specific peak fluorescence to total filtered peak fluorescence. All samples were tested in duplicate and data are average values. (A) 2009 vintage; (B) 2008 vintage.