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Research Article

Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Changes in Vitis Genotypes in Response to Photoperiod Regimes

Trudi N.L. Grant, Jenna Gargrave, Imed E. Dami
Am J Enol Vitic. December 2013 64: 466-475; published ahead of print August 01, 2013 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2013.13060
Trudi N.L. Grant
1Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691.
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Jenna Gargrave
2Undergraduate Student, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691.
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Imed E. Dami
3Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691.
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  • For correspondence: dami.1@osu.edu
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in Vitis genotypes in response to photoperiod regimes. Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions using cold-sensitive Cabernet franc (Vitis vinifera) and cold-tolerant Couderc 3309 (3309C, V. riparia × V. rupestris) and Concord (V. labruscana). Potted vines were exposed to short day (SD) (8 hr) or long day (LD) (16 hr) for 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Shoot growth, periderm formation, dormancy, freezing tolerance (lethal temperature that kills 50% of primary buds: LT50), and soluble sugar concentrations in leaf and bud tissues were examined. Shoot growth slowed in all cultivars under SD accompanied with increased periderm formation and dormancy depth. Concord initiated these changes first, followed by 3309C, then Cabernet franc. The three cultivars did not show differences in freezing tolerance under LD, with LT50 ranging between −6.1 and −8.1°C. However, freezing tolerance increased by 0.7, 2.0, and 2.7°C after 4, 6, and 8 weeks under SD, respectively. Freezing tolerance of Concord increased after 4 weeks of SD treatment, whereas that of 3309C and Cabernet franc did not increase until after 6 weeks of SD treatment. Among all sugars, raffinose had distinctive responses associated with photoperiod, remaining low and similar (0.5 to 2.3 mg/g dry weight) under LD. Under SD, raffinose concentration was generally higher, ranging from 2.2 to 5.7 mg/g dry weight in leaves and 1.6 to 3.7 mg/g dry weight in buds, with cold-tolerant 3309C and Concord accumulating higher concentrations compared to cold-sensitive Cabernet franc. These results suggest that raffinose accumulation might be an early step in response to photoperiod coinciding with slowed shoot growth, the induction of endodormancy, and the initial acquisition of freezing tolerance.

  • cold acclimation
  • freezing tolerance
  • dormancy
  • raffinose
  • leaves
  • buds
  • ©2013 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Vol 64 Issue 4

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Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Changes in Vitis Genotypes in Response to Photoperiod Regimes
Trudi N.L. Grant, Jenna Gargrave, Imed E. Dami
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2013  64: 466-475;  published ahead of print August 01, 2013 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2013.13060

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Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Changes in Vitis Genotypes in Response to Photoperiod Regimes
Trudi N.L. Grant, Jenna Gargrave, Imed E. Dami
Am J Enol Vitic.  December 2013  64: 466-475;  published ahead of print August 01, 2013 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2013.13060
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