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Research Article

Responses of Fruit Uniformity to Deficit Irrigation and Cluster Thinning in Commercial Winegrape Production

Arturo Calderon-Orellana, Luca Mercenaro, Kenneth A. Shackel, Neil Willits, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic. September 2014 65: 354-362; published ahead of print June 19, 2014 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2014.13135
Arturo Calderon-Orellana
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
2Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
4Department of Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, PO Box 8820808, Santiago, Chile
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  • For correspondence: acalderon@ucdavis.edu
Luca Mercenaro
5Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna 7100, Italy
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Kenneth A. Shackel
2Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Neil Willits
3Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Mark A. Matthews
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Abstract

Fruit uniformity is generally regarded as an essential quality parameter in winegrape production. Deficit irrigation and cluster thinning are popular techniques to improve fruit quality, but there is little empirical information on how these practices influence fruit uniformity in the field. Deficit irrigation and targeted cluster thinning treatments were imposed in a commercial Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard in Dunnigan Hills, California, for three consecutive years. Fruit uniformity measures at three levels (blocks, vines, and clusters) were evaluated using variance components analysis and ANOVA on absolute residuals (Levene’s test). Regardless of the irrigation treatment, cluster-to-cluster variation within vines was the primary source of fruit variability each season. In general, postveraison irrigation deficits decreased cluster-to-cluster uniformity for Brix and fruit anthocyanin content. While the decrease in anthocyanin content uniformity was due to unevenness of fruit anthocyanin synthesis/loss, the decrease in Brix uniformity was due to unevenness in fruit shriveling. Cluster thinning increased Brix uniformity at veraison, but there was no effect at harvest on fruit composition and berry size uniformity. Brix uniformity was not correlated to crop load, pruning weight, or the pruning weight/crop load ratio, but an increase in Brix uniformity did occur as fruit matured.

  • fruit uniformity
  • variability
  • deficit irrigation
  • cluster thinning
  • grapevine
  • ©2014 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Responses of Fruit Uniformity to Deficit Irrigation and Cluster Thinning in Commercial Winegrape Production
Arturo Calderon-Orellana, Luca Mercenaro, Kenneth A. Shackel, Neil Willits, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic.  September 2014  65: 354-362;  published ahead of print June 19, 2014 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2014.13135

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Responses of Fruit Uniformity to Deficit Irrigation and Cluster Thinning in Commercial Winegrape Production
Arturo Calderon-Orellana, Luca Mercenaro, Kenneth A. Shackel, Neil Willits, Mark A. Matthews
Am J Enol Vitic.  September 2014  65: 354-362;  published ahead of print June 19, 2014 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2014.13135
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