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Research Article

Recovery of 15N-labeled Fertilizer by Thompson Seedless Grapevines: Effects of N Fertilizer Type and Irrigation Method

Larry E. Williams
Am J Enol Vitic.  2015  66: 509-517  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2015.14115
Larry E. Williams
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, and Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648
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Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the N fertilizer recovery efficiency (REN) of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless grown in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Vines were drip- or furrow-irrigated and fertilized with 15N-labeled potassium nitrate (KNO3) or ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4. The fertilizers were applied shortly after anthesis with a single application of 25 g N/vine (~28 kg N/ha). An additional set of the drip-irrigated vines was fertilized 10 times beginning 20 April across a 20-week period during the growing season with labeled KNO3 (amounts equivalent to ~31 kg N/ha). Total biomass, N concentrations, and 15N of all vine organs, including the root system, were measured. There were no significant differences in REN (~40%) between the two fertilizer types (nitrate versus ammonium) for the drip-irrigated vines or for the comparison of a single application of KNO3 to a split application of that fertilizer applied every two weeks. The REN of furrow-irrigated vines was ~12%. The partitioning of 15N-labeled fertilizer taken up by the vine was significantly affected by fertilizer treatment. Approximately 47% of the ammonium fertilizer for the drip-irrigated vines was found in the clusters, while only 30% of the nitrate fertilizer for the split application of the fertilized, drip-irrigated vines was found in the clusters. The greatest amount of fertilizer N found in the roots was for the nitrate fertilized vines under drip-irrigation (both single and split applications). The results indicated that irrigation type greatly affected REN of the N fertilizers used in the study, and that irrigation and fertilizer type affected the distribution of N once it was taken up by the vine.

  • grapevine
  • N partitioning
  • N fertilizer recovery efficiency
  • potassium nitrate
  • ammonium sulfate
  • N remobilization
  • ©2015 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Recovery of 15N-labeled Fertilizer by Thompson Seedless Grapevines: Effects of N Fertilizer Type and Irrigation Method
Larry E. Williams
Am J Enol Vitic.  2015  66: 509-517  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2015.14115
Larry E. Williams
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, and Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648
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  • For correspondence: lewilliams@ucanr.edu

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Recovery of 15N-labeled Fertilizer by Thompson Seedless Grapevines: Effects of N Fertilizer Type and Irrigation Method
Larry E. Williams
Am J Enol Vitic.  2015  66: 509-517  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2015.14115
Larry E. Williams
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, and Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: lewilliams@ucanr.edu
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