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Research Article

Identifying Environmental Sources of Agrobacterium vitis in Vineyards and Wild Grapevines

Didem Canik Orel, Cheryl L. Reid, Marc Fuchs, Thomas J. Burr
Am J Enol Vitic.  2017 68: 213-217 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2016.16085
Didem Canik Orel
1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University Ankara, Turkey
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Cheryl L. Reid
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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Marc Fuchs
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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Thomas J. Burr
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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  • For correspondence: tjb1@cornell.edu
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Abstract

Agrobacterium vitis, the primary cause of grape crown gall disease, is known to survive internally in grapevines and to spread in propagation material. In this study, we showed that the bacterium can be detected in dormant grape buds and on surfaces of leaves collected from commercial vineyards. Using a highly selective and sensitive method based on magnetic capture hybridization (MCH) together with real-time PCR, we detected A. vitis in as much as 90% of dormant bud samples and in up to 40% of leaf samples from individual vineyards. The highest percentages of detection occurred in samples collected from vineyards with high incidences of crown gall. A. vitis was also detected in 22% of wild grapevines (Vitis riparia) collected in New York and in 25% of feral grapevines that included V. californica in California. Several of these vines were growing more than 2 km from commercial vineyards, demonstrating that wild grapevines can serve as a significant inoculum reservoir. The specificity of the MCH and real-time PCR assay used to detect tumorigenic A. vitis in the environment was further demonstrated by the finding that 69 nontumorigenic strains from regions across the United States did not amplify a virD2 PCR product.

  • bacterial endophytes
  • bacterial epiphytes
  • crown gall
  • magnetic capture hybridization
  • PCR detection
  • wild grapevines
  • ©2017 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Identifying Environmental Sources of Agrobacterium vitis in Vineyards and Wild Grapevines
Didem Canik Orel, Cheryl L. Reid, Marc Fuchs, Thomas J. Burr
Am J Enol Vitic.  2017  68: 213-217  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2016.16085
Didem Canik Orel
1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University Ankara, Turkey
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Cheryl L. Reid
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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Marc Fuchs
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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Thomas J. Burr
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
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  • For correspondence: tjb1@cornell.edu

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Identifying Environmental Sources of Agrobacterium vitis in Vineyards and Wild Grapevines
Didem Canik Orel, Cheryl L. Reid, Marc Fuchs, Thomas J. Burr
Am J Enol Vitic.  2017  68: 213-217  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2016.16085
Didem Canik Orel
1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University Ankara, Turkey
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Cheryl L. Reid
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Marc Fuchs
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Thomas J. Burr
2Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: tjb1@cornell.edu
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