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Research Article

Study of the Carbon Budget of a Temperate-Climate Vineyard: Inter-Annual Variability of CO2 Flux

Nadia Vendrame, Luca Tezza, Andrea Pitacco
Am J Enol Vitic.  2019  70: 34-41  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2018.18006
Nadia Vendrame
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Luca Tezza
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Andrea Pitacco
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
2Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, I-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy.
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Abstract

Agriculture can improve the global carbon budget by reducing emissions and increasing soil carbon sequestration. Woody crops like vineyards present biological, structural, and management peculiarities, such as perennial structure, abundant pruning debris, and interrow cover cropping, which could potentially sequester a significant amount of CO2. However, such ecosystems are still poorly understood. Here, we present results from a long-term study from northeastern Italy on the carbon budget of a vineyard (cv. Sauvignon blanc, Guyot pruned, vertical shoot-positioned trellised, with grass-covered alleys). We used the eddy covariance technique to continuously monitor the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), and here we present the first three years of data (May 2014 to April 2017). The vineyard acted as a moderate carbon sink, with an average annual net carbon uptake of 134 g C/ m2. However, the inter-annual variability of NEE was high, and environmental conditions during the growing season had a strong impact. The annual carbon uptake was greatest in 2014 (207 g C/m2), when there was abundant rain in summer. In contrast, in 2015, several heat waves decreased the annual carbon uptake to 69 g C/m2. Elevated air temperature and low soil moisture in summer significantly reduced net carbon flux during times when the vineyard activity was at maximum. Nevertheless, we show that a vineyard can behave as a carbon sink in the medium-to-long term, which should be factored into agricultural and environmental policies, complementing the standard life cycle assessment of the wine production chain.

  • carbon sequestration
  • environmental sustainability
  • gas exchange
  • vineyard
  • Received January 2018.
  • Revision received May 2018.
  • Accepted August 2018.
  • Published online January 2019
  • ©2019 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Study of the Carbon Budget of a Temperate-Climate Vineyard: Inter-Annual Variability of CO2 Flux
Nadia Vendrame, Luca Tezza, Andrea Pitacco
Am J Enol Vitic.  2019  70: 34-41  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2018.18006
Nadia Vendrame
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Luca Tezza
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Andrea Pitacco
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
2Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, I-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy.
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  • For correspondence: andrea.pitacco@unipd.it

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Study of the Carbon Budget of a Temperate-Climate Vineyard: Inter-Annual Variability of CO2 Flux
Nadia Vendrame, Luca Tezza, Andrea Pitacco
Am J Enol Vitic.  2019  70: 34-41  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2018.18006
Nadia Vendrame
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Luca Tezza
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Andrea Pitacco
1Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
2Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, I-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy.
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  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: andrea.pitacco@unipd.it
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