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Research Article

Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases in California’s Southern San Joaquin Valley

Kendra Baumgartner, Vicken Hillis, Mark Lubell, Max Norton, Jonathan Kaplan
Am J Enol Vitic. July 2019 70: 267-276; published ahead of print February 20, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.18075
Kendra Baumgartner
1United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616
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  • For correspondence: Kendra.Baumgartner@usda.gov
Vicken Hillis
2Human-Environment Systems, College of Innovation and Design, 1910 W University Drive, Boise State University, ID 83725
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Mark Lubell
3Department of Environmental Science & Policy, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
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Max Norton
4Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia, 6000 Iona Drive, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Jonathan Kaplan
5Department of Economics, California State University Sacramento, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819
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Abstract

Most California vineyards are eventually attacked by one or more grapevine trunk diseases (Esca or Botryosphaeria-, Eutypa- and Phomopsis diebacks). These fungal pathogens cause chronic infections of the wood, which are slow to develop. The symptoms that follow can take years to become obvious. Prevention is an efficient approach, but requires adoption before symptoms appear. To encourage early adoption of preventative practices, economic analyses simulated their benefits in the table grape cultivar Crimson Seedless. Adoption of delayed pruning or pruning-wound protectants was compared in a young, healthy vineyard (years 3 and 5) versus in a mature, diseased vineyard (year 10). A survey of table and raisin grape growers in California’s southern San Joaquin Valley revealed their usage and perceptions of preventative practices. Also, to help growers with mature vineyards, the economic benefits of vine surgery (also referred to as “trunk renewal”) between years 11 and 15 were examined. Our economic simulations showed prevention is cost-effective, if adopted in young vineyards. However, in spite of acknowledging the impact of trunk diseases, only 25 to 30% of growers use preventative practices, and only half of such growers adopt in young vineyards. Further, growers who use prevention and adopt early also perceive preventative practices as more cost-effective. Therefore, an outreach strategy to convince non-adopters must emphasize the long-term economic benefits of early adoption of preventative practices, given the inevitable appearance of symptoms at vineyard maturity. Despite the high one-time cost of vine surgery, our economic analyses suggest its adoption is a cost-effective complement to prevention, and thus, it should be integrated into management recommendations for table grape vineyards at 11 to 15 yrs.

  • Crimson Seedless
  • Eutypa
  • pruning
  • table grape
  • trunk disease
  • vine surgery
  • Received September 2018.
  • Revision received December 2018.
  • Accepted January 2019.
  • ©2019 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases in California’s Southern San Joaquin Valley
Kendra Baumgartner, Vicken Hillis, Mark Lubell, Max Norton, Jonathan Kaplan
Am J Enol Vitic.  July 2019  70: 267-276;  published ahead of print February 20, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.18075

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Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases in California’s Southern San Joaquin Valley
Kendra Baumgartner, Vicken Hillis, Mark Lubell, Max Norton, Jonathan Kaplan
Am J Enol Vitic.  July 2019  70: 267-276;  published ahead of print February 20, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.18075
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