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Research Note

Timing and Intensity of Grapevine Defoliation: An Extensive Overview on Five Cultivars in Switzerland

Thibaut Verdenal, Vivian Zufferey, Agnès Dienes-Nagy, Gilles Bourdin, Katia Gindro, Olivier Viret, Jean-Laurent Spring
Am J Enol Vitic. October 2019 70: 427-434; published ahead of print June 07, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19002
Thibaut Verdenal
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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  • For correspondence: thibaut.verdenal@agroscope.admin.ch
Vivian Zufferey
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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Agnès Dienes-Nagy
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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Gilles Bourdin
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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Katia Gindro
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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Olivier Viret
2Direction générale de l’agriculture, de la viticulture et des affaires vétérinaires (DGAV), Av. de Marcelin 29, CH-1110 Morges, Switzerland.
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Jean-Laurent Spring
1Agroscope, Av. Rochettaz 21, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland
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Abstract

This article synthetizes observations from five experiments and reports on the effects of timing and intensity of defoliation on the white and red Vitis vinifera cultivars Pinot noir, Gamay, Merlot, Chasselas, and Doral. Intensive defoliation (removal of six basal leaves + six lateral shoots per shoot) was completed at three developmental stages of the grapevine: preflowering, flowering, and bunch closure. Preflowering defoliation had tremendous consequences on vine agronomic performance, mainly to the detriment of berry set; the yield was highly affected by preflowering defoliation (approximately -35% of that from vines with no defoliation). The intensity of defoliation allowed its impact on the yield to be modulated. The intensity of defoliation also had a positive impact against millerandage, sunburn symptoms, and Botrytis cinerea development. The berry skin thickness doubled and the polyphenol concentration increased significantly with preflowering defoliation. Due to preflowering defoliation, the red wines were often preferred for their color and mouthfeel. However, this practice had a negligible impact on white wine composition. Regardless, preflowering defoliation did not negatively impact wine parameters. In the context of this study, preflowering defoliation has potential to reduce vigor and control high production potential. Preflowering defoliation also represents a prophylactic solution to reduce both chemical applications and cluster-thinning costs.

  • anthocyanins
  • intensity
  • leaf removal
  • millerandage
  • skin thickness
  • sunburn
  • timing
  • Received December 2018.
  • Revision received February 2019.
  • Revision received April 2019.
  • Accepted May 2019.
  • ©2019 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Timing and Intensity of Grapevine Defoliation: An Extensive Overview on Five Cultivars in Switzerland
Thibaut Verdenal, Vivian Zufferey, Agnès Dienes-Nagy, Gilles Bourdin, Katia Gindro, Olivier Viret, Jean-Laurent Spring
Am J Enol Vitic.  October 2019  70: 427-434;  published ahead of print June 07, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19002

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Timing and Intensity of Grapevine Defoliation: An Extensive Overview on Five Cultivars in Switzerland
Thibaut Verdenal, Vivian Zufferey, Agnès Dienes-Nagy, Gilles Bourdin, Katia Gindro, Olivier Viret, Jean-Laurent Spring
Am J Enol Vitic.  October 2019  70: 427-434;  published ahead of print June 07, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19002
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