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Research Article

Soil Temperature Prior to Veraison Alters Grapevine Carbon Partitioning, Xylem Sap Hormones, and Fruit Set

Stewart K. Field, Jason P. Smith, Erin N. Morrison, R.J. Neil Emery, Bruno P. Holzapfel
Am J Enol Vitic.  2020  71: 52-61  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19038

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Figure 1
    Figure 1

    Schematic diagram of root-zone temperature treatment schedule in relation to developmental stage and measurement schedule (A), and the root-zone temperature control system and remaining vines just prior to the final destructive harvest at veraison (B).

  • Figure 2
    Figure 2

    Mean daily air temperature (grey line) and mean temperature of pots at a soil depth of 20 cm (approximately center of root mass). Temperatures were logged every 5 min for the duration of the experiment.

  • Figure 3
    Figure 3

    Effect of root-zone temperature on average shoot length (A) and leaf number per shoot (B) as recorded prior to anthesis and at veraison. Least significant difference (LSD) indicates significant difference between treatments at p ≤ 0.05. ns = not significant. Error bars ± SE mean (n = 15). C, cool; W, warm.

  • Figure 4
    Figure 4

    Effect of root-zone temperature on starch concentrations in root (A) and trunk (B) tissue from dormancy to veraison. * indicates significant difference between treatments at p ≤ 0.05. Error bars ± SE mean (n = 5). DW, dry weight.

  • Figure 5
    Figure 5

    Effect of root-zone temperature in the anthesis-veraison period on leaf diurnal photosynthesis (A), transpiration (B), stomatal conductance (C), and leaf water potential (D) as measured 85 days after budbreak (three weeks prior to veraison). * indicates significant difference between treatments at p ≤ 0.05. Error bars ± SE mean (n = 10).

Tables

  • Table 1

    Biomass components and root:shoot ratio of potted Shiraz grapevines at veraison as influenced by root-zone temperature treatments between budbreak and veraison. DW, dry weight.

    Table 1
  • Table 2

    Effect of root-zone temperature treatments between budbreak and veraison on reproductive development parameters of potted Shiraz grapevines.

    Table 2
  • Table 3

    Effect of root-zone temperature treatments between budbreak and fruit set on concentration of cytokinins and abscisic acid (ABA) identified in xylem sap and leaves of Shiraz grapevines at the time of fruit set. DW, dry weight.

    Table 3
  • Table 4

    Effect of root-zone temperature treatments between budbreak and veraison on concentration of cytokinins and abscisic acid (ABA) identified in xylem sap and leaves of Shiraz grapevines at the time of veraison. DW, dry weight.

    Table 4
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Soil Temperature Prior to Veraison Alters Grapevine Carbon Partitioning, Xylem Sap Hormones, and Fruit Set
Stewart K. Field, Jason P. Smith, Erin N. Morrison, R.J. Neil Emery, Bruno P. Holzapfel
Am J Enol Vitic.  2020  71: 52-61  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19038
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