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Research Article

Early Leaf Removal as a Strategy to Improve Ripening and Lower Cluster Rot in Cool Climate (Vitis vinifera L.) Pinot Grigio

Joshua VanderWeide, Tommaso Frioni, Zhongli Ma, Manfred Stoll, Stefano Poni, Paolo Sabbatini
Am J Enol Vitic. January 2020 71: 70-79; published ahead of print October 30, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19042
Joshua VanderWeide
1Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Tommaso Frioni
1Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
2Istituto di Frutti-Viticoltura, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
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Zhongli Ma
1Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Manfred Stoll
3Department of General and Organic Viticulture, Hochschule Geisenheim University, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
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Stefano Poni
2Istituto di Frutti-Viticoltura, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
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Paolo Sabbatini
1Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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  • For correspondence: sabbatin@msu.edu
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Abstract

Removal of basal leaves early in the vegetative and reproductive development of grapevines is a tool used to decrease fruit set, lower cluster rot severity, and improve fruit quality. However, the considerable time required for implementation limits its use by grapegrowers. Efficient mechanization can potentially mitigate these issues, albeit this practice has not yet been compared to manual application at prebloom and after-bloom stages in a cool and humid growing region where cluster rot is the major limitation for yield and fruit quality. The goal of this study was to compare mechanical leaf removal (ME) with the manual (MA) removal of six leaves at the prebloom (PB) and after-bloom (AB) phenological stages over two seasons in Pinot Grigio (a tight-clustered cultivar). Fruit set was only decreased in 2017 by MA of six basal leaves at PB (PB-MA); however, PB reduced cluster compactness in each season. The loss of fruit to gray mold was lowered by all leaf removal treatments in the drier 2017 season, but only MA treatments mitigated loss from sour rot in that year. This indicates that a clear fruit zone and reduced cluster compactness are both needed to lower the effect of cluster rot disease. Only PB treatments enhanced fruit quality, likely driven by a similar reduction in cluster compactness. The results suggest that ME at PB may be used to decrease fruit loss to gray mold in dry seasons and enhance fruit Brix. Nevertheless, PB-MA can be an effective means to reduce fruit loss to sour rot in drier seasons and enhance ripening in years with high precipitation during veraison. This information provides a single approach to alleviate two prominent issues facing seasonal management strategies in cool climate viticulture.

  • Botrytis cinerea
  • canopy management
  • defoliation
  • mechanization
  • sour rot
  • Received May 2019.
  • Revision received September 2019.
  • Revision received October 2019.
  • Accepted October 2019.
  • ©2020 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Early Leaf Removal as a Strategy to Improve Ripening and Lower Cluster Rot in Cool Climate (Vitis vinifera L.) Pinot Grigio
Joshua VanderWeide, Tommaso Frioni, Zhongli Ma, Manfred Stoll, Stefano Poni, Paolo Sabbatini
Am J Enol Vitic.  January 2020  71: 70-79;  published ahead of print October 30, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19042

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Early Leaf Removal as a Strategy to Improve Ripening and Lower Cluster Rot in Cool Climate (Vitis vinifera L.) Pinot Grigio
Joshua VanderWeide, Tommaso Frioni, Zhongli Ma, Manfred Stoll, Stefano Poni, Paolo Sabbatini
Am J Enol Vitic.  January 2020  71: 70-79;  published ahead of print October 30, 2019 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.19042
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