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Terroir of Winter Hardiness: Bud LT50, Water Metrics, Yield, and Berry Composition in Ontario Riesling

Mary K. Jasinski, Andrew G. Reynolds, Fred Di Profio, Audrey Pasquier, Maxime Touffet, Rea Fellman, Hyun-Suk Lee
Am J Enol Vitic. October 2020 71: 288-307; published ahead of print July 09, 2020 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2020.19084
Mary K. Jasinski
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
2Graduate Research Assistant, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
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Andrew G. Reynolds
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
3Professor, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
7Present Address: 613 Memorial Drive, Fenwick, ON L0S1C0, Canada
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  • For correspondence: andrewreynolds2007@gmail.com
Fred Di Profio
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
4Technician, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
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Audrey Pasquier
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
5Intern, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
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Maxime Touffet
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
5Intern, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
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Rea Fellman
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
6Exchange Student, Changins Haute École de Viticulture et OEnologie, Nyon, Switzerland
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Hyun-Suk Lee
1Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON
2Graduate Research Assistant, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
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Abstract

Grapevine winter hardiness is governed by several factors besides extreme weather conditions, such as site-specific soil factors (texture, composition, moisture, drainage), vine water status, and yield. It was hypothesized that winter hardiness would be influenced by specific vineyard terroir-driven factors and that zones in vineyards with low water status (leaf water potential [Ψ]) would likewise be more winter hardy than vines with high water status (less negative leaf Ψ). Six Riesling vineyards were chosen throughout the Niagara region in Ontario. Data were collected at fruit set, lag phase, and veraison (soil water content [SWC], leaf Ψ), at harvest (yield components, berry composition), and three times during the winter (LT50; the temperature at which 50% of buds die) in 2010 to 2012. Interpolation and mapping of variables was completed using kriging, and statistical analyses (linear correlation, k-means clustering, principal components analysis, multilinear regression) were performed. SWC, leaf Ψ, yield components, berry composition, and LT50 were spatially clustered in each vineyard. GIS and multilinear regression revealed that leaf Ψ could predict the LT50 value, with strong correlations observed between LT50 and leaf Ψ values in most of the vineyard blocks in 2010 to 2011 (4/6 and 5/6, respectively). In the extremely dry 2012 season, leaf Ψ (range across sites at veraison 0.9 to 1.4 MPa) was positively correlated to LT50, yield, titratable acidity, pH, and Brix and inversely correlated to SWC and monoterpene concentration. Results suggest that there is a spatial component to winter hardiness, as with other aspects of terroir. This study allows a method to compare winter hardiness to other critical variables to better understand terroir-based factors of the Niagara region.

  • GIS
  • GPS
  • leaf water potential
  • LT50
  • monoterpenes
  • soil water content
  • Received November 2019.
  • Revision received April 2020.
  • Revision received May 2020.
  • Accepted June 2020.
  • © 2020 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture
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Vol 71 Issue 4

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Terroir of Winter Hardiness: Bud LT50, Water Metrics, Yield, and Berry Composition in Ontario Riesling
Mary K. Jasinski, Andrew G. Reynolds, Fred Di Profio, Audrey Pasquier, Maxime Touffet, Rea Fellman, Hyun-Suk Lee
Am J Enol Vitic.  October 2020  71: 288-307;  published ahead of print July 09, 2020 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2020.19084

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Terroir of Winter Hardiness: Bud LT50, Water Metrics, Yield, and Berry Composition in Ontario Riesling
Mary K. Jasinski, Andrew G. Reynolds, Fred Di Profio, Audrey Pasquier, Maxime Touffet, Rea Fellman, Hyun-Suk Lee
Am J Enol Vitic.  October 2020  71: 288-307;  published ahead of print July 09, 2020 ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2020.19084
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