Data supplements
Supplemental Table 1 Internationally regulated maximum acceptable levels for metal content in wine according to the International Organization of Vine and Wine (2015).
Supplemental Table 2 Sample information pertaining to production method (Charmat method: C; traditional method: T), wine style (non-rosé: N; rosé: R), closure (cork or crown cap), and vintage.
Supplemental Table 3 Multielement calibration standards for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
Supplemental Table 4 Metal concentrations (mg/L) in 73 sparkling wines produced in Canada’s Niagara Peninsula as determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry.
Supplemental Table 5 Spearman correlation matrix for metals present above the limit of detection in all traditional method sparkling wines from the Niagara-region (n = 54).
Supplemental Table 6 Spearman correlation matrix for metals present above the limit of detection in all Charmat method sparkling wines from the Niagara-region (n = 19).
Supplemental Table 7 Spearman correlation matrix for metals present above the limit of detection in all samples from non-rosé Niagara-region sparkling wines (n = 58).
Supplemental Table 8 Spearman correlation matrix for metals present above the limit of detection in all samples from rosé Niagara-region sparkling wines (n = 15).
Supplemental Figure 1 Box and whisker plot of all metals with measured amounts greater than the limit of detection (LOD; n = 26) in 73 sparkling wine samples from the Niagara region. The area between the upper and lower edges of the boxes represents the interquartile range from the 25th to the 75th percentile, respectively; the internal horizontal line represents the median, and the cross indicates the mean. Whiskers above and below the boxes extend to the maximum and minimum values, respectively, with calculated outliers identified as open circular data points.
Supplemental Figure 2 Box and whisker plot of aluminum (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 3 Box and whisker plot of antimony (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 4 Box and whisker plot of arsenic (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 5 Box and whisker plot of barium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 6 Box and whisker plot of beryllium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 7 Box and whisker plot of boron (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 8 Box and whisker plot of cadmium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 9 Box and whisker plot of calcium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 10 Box and whisker plot of chromium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 11 Box and whisker plot of cobalt (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 12 Box and whisker plot of copper (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 13 Box and whisker plot of iron (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 14 Box and whisker plot of lead (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 15 Box and whisker plot of magnesium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 16 Box and whisker plot of manganese (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 17 Box and whisker plot of molybdenum (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 18 Box and whisker plot of nickel (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 19 Box and whisker plot of potassium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 20 Box and whisker plot of selenium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 21 Box and whisker plot of sodium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 22 Box and whisker plot of strontium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 23 Box and whisker plot of thallium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 24 Box and whisker plot of tin (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 25 Box and whisker plot of uranium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 26 Box and whisker plot of vanadium (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Supplemental Figure 27 Box and whisker plot of zinc (when present at measured amounts greater than the limit of detection) by production method (CM: Charmat method, TM: traditional method) and wine style (N: non-rosé; R: rosé).
Vol 73 Issue 3
