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Research Article

Correlation between Skin Cell Wall Composition and Polyphenol Extractability of Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes

Cristina Medina-Plaza, Nick Dokoozlian, Ravi Ponangi, Tom Blair, David E. Block, Anita Oberholster
Am J Enol Vitic.  2021  : ajev.2021.20045  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2021.20045
Cristina Medina-Plaza
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
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Nick Dokoozlian
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
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Ravi Ponangi
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
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Tom Blair
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
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David E. Block
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616.
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Anita Oberholster
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
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  • For correspondence: aoberholster@ucdavis.edu
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  • Errata - January 01, 2022

Abstract:

The composition of skin cell wall material from Pinot noir and Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries from four different regions in California were investigated to determine relationships between cell wall composition and phenolic extractability observed under winemaking conditions. Multiple vineyards (sites) per region were studied. Cell wall composition analysis included the determination of total soluble sugars, proteins, non-cellulosic glucose, cellulose, lignin, lipids, total polyphenolic content, soluble polysaccharides, and uronic acid, as well as the isolation efficiency. Results indicated that cell wall material (CWM) composition is mainly site-specific with some impact due to variety and little to no impact due to the growing region. Grape phenolics analyzed included monomeric flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, polymeric phenols and polymeric pigments and could be used to distinguish between varieties. Grapes grown in the same region exhibited similar phenolic extractability indicating a significant impact of the growing area as well as a synergistic effect between CWM composition and grape phenolics. CWM composition analysis indicated that demethylation of pectin favored the release of phenolics, while lignin content correlated negatively with the phenolics extracted. Proteins showed a negative correlation with polymeric phenols whereas no correlation was found with polymeric pigments. Anthocyanin extractability was highly impacted by its content within grape skins, more so than other phenolics that are present in both the skins and seeds.

  • anthocyanin
  • cell wall material
  • extractability
  • grape
  • phenolics
  • Received July 2020.
  • Revision received March 2021.
  • Revision received April 2021.
  • Accepted April 2021.
  • Published online June 2021
  • Copyright © 2021 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture. All rights reserved.

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You have accessRestricted access
Correlation between Skin Cell Wall Composition and Polyphenol Extractability of Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes
Cristina Medina-Plaza, Nick Dokoozlian, Ravi Ponangi, Tom Blair, David E. Block, Anita Oberholster
Am J Enol Vitic.  2021  ajev.2021.20045  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2021.20045
Cristina Medina-Plaza
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nick Dokoozlian
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ravi Ponangi
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Tom Blair
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
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  • Search for this author on this site
David E. Block
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616.
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Anita Oberholster
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: aoberholster@ucdavis.edu

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Correlation between Skin Cell Wall Composition and Polyphenol Extractability of Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes
Cristina Medina-Plaza, Nick Dokoozlian, Ravi Ponangi, Tom Blair, David E. Block, Anita Oberholster
Am J Enol Vitic.  2021  ajev.2021.20045  ; DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2021.20045
Cristina Medina-Plaza
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nick Dokoozlian
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ravi Ponangi
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • Search for this author on this site
Tom Blair
2E&J Gallo Winery, 600 Yosemite Blvd, Modesto, 95354 CA;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
David E. Block
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
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Anita Oberholster
1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California-Davis, 595 Hilgard Ln Davis, CA 95616;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: aoberholster@ucdavis.edu
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