RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Incidence and Genetic Diversity of Grapevine Pinot gris Virus in California
JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
JO Am J Enol Vitic.
FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture
SP ajev.2020.20044
DO 10.5344/ajev.2020.20044
A1 Maher Al Rwahnih
A1 Alfredo Diaz-Lara
A1 Kari Arnold
A1 Monica L. Cooper
A1 Rhonda J. Smith
A1 George Zhuang
A1 Mark C. Battany
A1 Larry J. Bettiga
A1 Adib Rowhani
A1 Deborah Golino
YR 2020
UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/early/2020/12/23/ajev.2020.20044.abstract
AB Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) was discovered in 2012 by high throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis of Pinot gris vineyards in Italy. GPGV is often symptomless but has also been associated with chlorotic mottling and leaf deformation. In 2015, this new member of the genus Trichovirus was first reported in the United States of America, in California. To assess the incidence of GPGV throughout grape-growing regions in California, we tested multiple vineyards using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. HTS and phylogenetics were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of GPGV strains recovered. GPGV was detected in 170 out of 716 (23%) grapevine samples, including white and red grape varieties, from several commercial vineyards and one nursery increase block. Moreover, GPGV was identified in three different counties (Yolo, Solano and Napa) situated in northern California. In the case of Napa County, a widespread distribution of GPGV was determined. During the survey, symptomatic and asymptomatic plants tested positive for GPGV, however, characterized isolates shared close homology (>97% identity) with asymptomatic reference isolates, which was confirmed by phylogenetics. GPGV-positive grapevines were also infected with other viruses and viroids based on HTS. Finally, the relationship between GPGV infection and symptom expression is discussed.