RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Use of Zirconium Dioxide during Fermentation as an Alternative to Protein Fining with Bentonite for White Wines JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture JO Am. J. Enol. Vitic. FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture SP 400 OP 404 DO 10.5344/ajev.2013.12143 VO 64 IS 3 A1 Marco Lucchetta A1 Kenneth F. Pocock A1 Elizabeth J. Waters A1 Matteo Marangon YR 2013 UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/64/3/400.abstract AB Zirconia pellets (25 g/L) enclosed in a metallic cage were added on the second day to fermenting Riesling, Sauvignon blanc, and Semillon juices. After 48 hours, the zirconia-treated juices showed a large decrease in protein content and the resulting wines were heat stable. Compared to control juices, the fermentation rate was significantly increased for two juices and unchanged in the other juice. There were reductions in concentration of some mineral elements and tartaric acid and increases in pH in the resulting wines from the zirconia-treated juices.