RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Analysis of Total Arsenic Content in California Wines and Comparison to Various Health Risk Criteria
JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
JO Am J Enol Vitic
FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture
SP 179
OP 187
DO 10.5344/ajev.2015.15041
VO 67
IS 2
A1 Dennis J. Paustenbach
A1 Allison L. Insley
A1 Joshua R. Maskrey
A1 Jennifer L. Bare
A1 Kenneth M. Unice
A1 Vincent B. Conrad
A1 Lykourgos Iordanidis
A1 Daniel W. Reynolds
A1 Kimberly S. DiNatale
A1 Andrew D. Monnot
YR 2016
UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/67/2/179.abstract
AB Concerns have recently been raised regarding the presence of arsenic in California wine. Total arsenic concentrations in 101 wines produced or bottled in California were characterized using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Of these wines, 28 were wines identified in media reports as containing arsenic concentrations greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level for drinking water of 10 μg/L. The remaining 73 wines were randomly purchased at local retailers. Blush wines were found to contain the greatest total arsenic concentration (mean = 27.2 μg/L; SD = 16.9 μg/L) regardless of sampling group, followed by white wines (mean = 10.9 μg/L; SD = 11.0 μg/L) and red wines (mean = 6.75 μg/L; SD = 7.33 μg/L). Moreover, the publicized group of wines was found to have significantly (p < 0.05) greater total arsenic concentrations (mean = 25.6 μg/L; SD = 12.0 μg/L) than the random wines (mean = 7.42 μg/L; SD = 10.2 μg/L). The concentrations of total arsenic in all wines evaluated in this analysis were less than the two currently used arsenic guidelines for wine of 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L. Results from the statistical analysis suggest that no more than 0.3% of California wines (if any) may contain arsenic concentrations greater than the 100 μg/L guideline. A significant inverse association between total arsenic concentration and unit wine price was also identified in this analysis. Chronic daily intake of arsenic as a result of wine consumption was estimated to account for a small fraction (<8.3%) of a typical adult’s dietary arsenic intake, indicating that wine consumption is not a significant source of total arsenic exposure. These results indicate that the presence of arsenic in wine does not represent a health risk for consumers.