RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Bud Survival of Grape Varieties at Sub-Zero Temperatures in Washington JF American Journal of Enology and Viticulture JO Am J Enol Vitic. FD American Society for Enology and Viticulture SP 24 OP 29 DO 10.5344/ajev.1974.25.1.24 VO 25 IS 1 A1 W. J. Clore A1 M. A. Wallace A1 R. D. Fay YR 1974 UL http://www.ajevonline.org/content/25/1/24.abstract AB Below-zero temperatures between December 8 and 14, 1972, with rather uniform minimums of —5 to —7°F over the main grape growing areas of Washington, provided an opportunity to evaluate the effect of vine condition on the cold-hardiness of American, French hybrid, and European grape varieties being grown experimentally and commercially. Following these low temperatures a critical examination of buds, arms, and trunks showed that out of 88 European varieties 39 had little or no injury; out of 34 American varieties 17 showed no injury; and of 14 French hybrids there were 11 that were not appreciably affected.