PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - R. B. Beelman AU - F. J. McArdle AU - G. R. Duke TI - Comparison of <em>Leuconostoc Oenos</em> Strains ML-34 and PSU-1 to Induce Malo-Lactic Fermentation in Pennsylvania Red Table Wines AID - 10.5344/ajev.1980.31.3.269 DP - 1980 Jan 01 TA - American Journal of Enology and Viticulture PG - 269--276 VI - 31 IP - 3 4099 - http://www.ajevonline.org/content/31/3/269.short 4100 - http://www.ajevonline.org/content/31/3/269.full SO - Am J Enol Vitic.1980 Jan 01; 31 AB - Leuconostoc oenos strains ML-34 and PSU-1 were compared for their ability to induce a rapid malo-lactic fermentation following pure culture inoculation into Pennsylvania red table wines. PSU-1 consistently induced malo-lactic fermentation faster than ML-34 in wines made using the traditional method of color extraction from both French-American hybrid and Vitis vinifera varieties grown under eastern conditions. PSU-1 also induced malo-lactic fermentation more rapidly than ML-34 in wines made using several variations in the hot-press method of color extraction. The fastest rates of malo-lactic fermentation were observed in wines made without the addition of pectic enzyme or sulfur dioxide. The differences in time required for complete malo-lactic fermentation between wines inoculated with the two bacterial strains were rather consistent and were greater in those wines made without treatment with pectic enzyme.