Assumptions related to the transportation method, sample collection, and variable costs used for calculating sampling costs of R20, 4C, and NDVI3. ATV, all terrain vehicle; CA, California; NY, New York; R20, random sampling of 20 locations in a vineyard block; 4C, four corners sampling; NDVI3, satellite normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images processed with an algorithm to locate three consecutive pixels representing the left tail, center, and right tail of the NDVI pixel population.