Vine spacing and trellis configuration of cultivars used in the study.
| Spacing (m) | Vine head | Foliage wire | Cross arm | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar | (vine x row) | height (m) | height (m)a | length (m) |
| aFour foliage wires were evenly spaced on cross arms and served as support for the experimental shoots and the overhead canes used as natural shade in the low and medium-low shoot light exposure treatments. | ||||
| Thompson Seedless | 2.4 x 3.6 | 1.50 | 1.80 | 1.0 |
| Flame Seedless | 2.4 x 3.6 | 1.05 | 1.52 | 1.0 |
| Cabernet Sauvignon | 1.8 x 3.0 | 1.37 | 1.62 | 0.6 |
| Chardonnay | 1.8 x 3.0 | 1.37 | 1.62 | 0.6 |