This paper describes the study of 19 wines of the Grenache Noir cultivar obtained from representative soils of the Rhone Valley according to their geographical site, climatic conditions, hydrological regulation, and soil profile. Among the volatile compounds analyzed by GC/MS/FID, the concentrations of the varietal compounds (i.e., beta-damascenone, beta-ionone, and geraniol) and those of the compounds without direct influence on the wine aroma (i.e., hexenols and methanol) indicated the existence of two groups of wines. These concentrations were correlated with grape maturity due to the ecosystem and particularly the soil.