The presence of phenolic compounds in food has garnered much attention over the years. The diversity of these compounds and their contribution to nutritive and sensory qualities has been investigated in depth to elucidate benefits and modes of action. This review is intended to provide information on the impact of growing conditions on the accumulation of phenolics in plants. The aim is to provide knowledge of factors that influence phenolic biosynthesis in plants to help us manage them prior to harvest. Through improving our understanding of plant responses to the environment we may be able to manipulate growing parameters to suit the needs of the consumer. In this review, research regarding plant responses to climate, farming practices, biotic, and abiotic stresses is presented.